RIAA Corrector

RIAA Corrector
author: Gabor Toth - tothgszeyahoo.co.uk

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Description

To listen old vinyl LP's in a correct sounding on a sassy with dynamic cartridge you need a circuit, named RIAA corrector. This circuit you can find in old amps, but it isn't embedded in home cinema equipments or amplifiers can be obtained nowadays. Also, if you want to archive your vinyl LP's in your computer it is necessary to use this RIAA corrector. It is good, if this corrector has a little built-in amplifier to drive small control speakers, or earphones. Schematic of circuit  built for this express purpose can be found hier. It has two parts, corrector and amplifier part.

The corrector part contains NE5532 integrated circuit with extreme small noise. Resistors are 1% metal film 0,6W types, condenser's of this corrector section must be 5% or better, 63 - 100 V types. Corrector section has direct output to external amp or computer. Amplifier section contains integrated amp IC LM1877. It deliver to speakers 2W/channel output power with very low distortion. Potentiometer P1 is for control the output power of the amp section.

The whole circuit works from external 12-16 V DC supply. Schematic, photos and PCB layout of the circuitry can be found attached. Short mathematics description of RIAA curve and basics of LP's production also can be found in attached document.

Schematic

Download Schematic in PDF format

Parts List

Component	Type			pcs
Resistor	1% MF0207	27 ohm	0,6W	2
Resistor	1% MF0207	1,1 K	0,6W	2
Resistor	1% MF0207	10K	0,6W	2
Resistor	1% MF0207	22K	0,6W	2
Resistor	1% MF0207	33K	0,6W	1
Resistor	1% MF0207	47K	0,6W	2
Resistor	1% MF0207	100K	0,6W	4
Resistor	1% MF0207	1M	0,6W	6
Potentiometer	2 x 50K Log			1
Condenser	5% MKT RM2	1,5 nF	63V	4
Condenser	5% MKT RM2	3,3nF	63V	2
Condenser	10% MKT RM2	100nF	63V	4
Condenser	10% MKT RM2	220nF	63V	2
Condenser	10% MKT RM2	470nF	63V	2
ELKO	5x11 mm RM1	1uF	50V	2
ELKO	4x7 mm RM1	10uF	35V	4
ELKO	5x11 mm RM1	33uF	35V	2
ELKO	6x11 mm RM1	100uF	25V	1
ELKO	10x20 mm RM2	1000uF	25V	1
ELKO	10x30 mm RM2	2200uF	16V	2
IC	LM1877N-9			1
IC	NE5532			1
ZENER	BZX55C9V1	9,1V	0,5W	1
RCA PCB connector, single, red (right channel)				2
RCA PCB connector, single, white (left channel)				2
PCB power connector 5x2,5 mm				1
PCB jack type stereo phone connector				1
External power supply 12V/5W min				1

PCB

Download Layout in PDF format




Download PCB in PDF format or in Protel format

RIAA Curve

LP's are engraved with reduced bass levels and increased treble levels.

For the same sound level, a low frequency requires a larger groove which gives two drawbacks:

- Less recording time
- Difficulties for the cartridge to follow it and thus, higher distortion

At the other end of the spectrum, the contact between the stylus and the groove makes noise, a high frequency noise. By increasing the high frequencies level during recording we can obtain a better signal/noise ratio as the noise is reduced by the playback curve.

Several other curves did exist before the RIAA but it replaced them completely during the 60'.

Here is the formula to obtain the original RIAA curve:


Where:

N=level in dB
f=frequency
t1=treble time constant, 75uS
t2=medium time constant, 318uS
t3=bass time constant, 3180uS

In 76', IEC introduced a modification of this curve by introducing a new time constant that modifies only the extreme bass. It is known as the RIAA/IEC curve.
This correction has never obtained a big success, the original RIAA curve is still the most widely used.
For information, here is the formula:

Where: t4=extreme bass time constant, 7950uS

The RIAA reproduction curve:

Hz	RIAA	IEC
20	19.36	16.35
22	19.24	16.62
25	19.04	16.89
28	18.83	17.04
31	18.61	17.09
35	18.29	17.06
39	17.96	16.95
44	17.54	16.73
49	17.12	16.45
55	16.61	16.07
62	16.02	15.59
70	15.37	15.03
79	14.67	14.40
89	13.93	13.72
100	13.18	13.01
110	12.54	12.39
120	11.94	11.82
130	11.38	11.27
150	10.36	10.28
170	9.46	9.40
190	8.67	8.62
210	7.97	7.93
240	7.04	7.01
270	6.25	6.23
300	5.57	5.55
340	4.80	4.79
380	4.16	4.15
430	3.49	3.48
480	2.93	2.92
540	2.38	2.38
610	1.86	1.86
680	1.43	1.43
760	1.02	1.02
850	0.63	0.63
950	0.26	0.26
1100	-0.23	-0.23
1200	-0.52	-0.52
1300	-0.79	-0.79
1500	-1.31	-1.31
1700	-1.80	-1.80
1900	-2.27	-2.27
2100	-2.73	-2.73
2400	-3.39	-3.39
2700	-4.04	-4.04
3000	-4.65	-4.65
3400	-5.43	-5.43
3800	-6.17	-6.17
4300	-7.02	-7.02
4800	-7.82	-7.82
5400	-8.70	-8.70
6100	-9.64	-9.64
6800	-10.50	-10.50
7600	-11.39	-11.39
8500	-12.30	-12.30
9500	-13.22	-13.22
11000	-14.44	-14.44
12000	-15.17	-15.17
13000	-15.85	-15.85
15000	-17.07	-17.07
17000	-18.14	-18.14
19000	-19.09	-19.09
21000	-19.95	-19.95

Download this circuit in PDF